class="markdown_views prism-atom-one-light"> 记录下如何搭建NXP i.MX 8M 的开发环境。

1. 看文档 / 找资料

不管任何时候，接触任何新的平台或学习新的知识，首先就是看官网提供的文档，或搜索下是否有相关的资料。

• 找到开发板的文档入口 : Evaluation Kit for the i.MX 8M Mini Applications Processor 详细介绍了开发板的资源以及相关资料下载路径。
• 详细介绍了各个文档的作用

2. 源码下载

• 阅读下载的文章中i.MX_Yocto_Project_User’s_Guide.pdf详细介绍了下载源码的步骤。

// 下载repo 工具 curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo // 下载源码 mkdir imx-yocto-bsp cd imx-yocto-bsp repo init -u https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx/imx-manifest -b imx-linux-rocko -m imx-4.9.88-2.0.0_ga.xml repo sync

• 源码下载过程遇到的错误1 : repo init 提示 fatal: Cannot get https://gerrit.googlesource.com/git-repo/clone.bundle

➜ imx-yocto-bsp ./repo init -u https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx/imx-manifest -b imx-linux-rocko　-m　imx-4.9.88-2.0.0_ga.xml fatal: Cannot get https://gerrit.googlesource.com/git-repo/clone.bundle fatal: error [Errno 101] Network is unreachable fatal: cloning the git-repo repository failed, will remove '.repo/repo' // 解决方案：　 先单独克隆repo,然后将git-repo里面的repo文件复制到bin目录，在同步源码的工作目录新建.repo文件夹，把git-repo重命名为repo复制到.repo目录下： git clone https://gerrit-googlesource.lug.ustc.edu.cn/git-repo 参考解决：Cannot get http://gerrit.googlesource.com/git-repo/clone.bundle

• 源码下载过程遇到的错误2 : ImportError: cannot import name 'spawn’

// 运行错误 ➜ imx-yocto-bsp bitbake fsl-image-validation-imx Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/bin/bitbake", line 31, in import bb File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/__init__.py", line 79, in from bb import fetch2 as fetch File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/fetch2/__init__.py", line 1843, in from . import clearcase File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/fetch2/clearcase.py", line 72, in from distutils import spawn ImportError: cannot import name 'spawn' // 解决方案 安装sudo apt-get install python3-distutils 之后解决

• 源码下载过程遇到的错误3 : ERROR: Unable to start bitbake server

ERROR: Unable to start bitbake server ERROR: Last 10 lines of server log for this session (/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/bitbake-cookerdaemon.log): self.cooker = bb.cooker.BBCooker(self.configuration, self.featureset) File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/cooker.py", line 197, in __init__ self.initConfigurationData() File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/cooker.py", line 356, in initConfigurationData self.databuilder.parseBaseConfiguration() File "/home/mike/Work/nxp-imx8/imx-yocto-bsp/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/cookerdata.py", line 316, in parseBaseConfiguration raise bb.BBHandledException bb.BBHandledException ERROR: The following required tools (as specified by HOSTTOOLS) appear to be unavailable in PATH, please install them in order to proceed: chrpath //解决方案 sudo apt-get install chrpath sudo apt-get install texinfo 参考Unable to connect to bitbake server

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2.1 编译

• 源码的编译主要使用fsl-setup-release.sh脚本完成
• DISTRO=fsl-imx-x11 source fsl-setup-release.sh -b build , 详细用法如下

DISTRO= MACHINE= source fsl-setup-release.sh -b // DISTRO DISTRO= is the distro, which configures the build environment and it is stored in meta-fsl- bsp-release/imx/meta-sdk/conf/distro . 对应源码中的 sources/meta-fsl-bsp-release/imx/meta-sdk/conf/distro/fsl-imx-x11.conf，可以看到 DISTRO = "fsl-imx-x11" // MACHINE MACHINE= is the machine name which points to the configuration file in conf/machine in meta-freescale and meta-fsl-bsp-release. // 编译输出的目录 -b specifies the name of the build directory created by the fsl-setup-release.sh script. 通过分析 fsl-setup-release.sh 脚本了解的一些信息 // MACHINE默认参数为imx6qpsabresd if [ -z "$MACHINE" ]; then echo setting to default machine MACHINE='imx6qpsabresd' fi

• build 目录中执行 bitbake -k core-image-minimal , -k 代表 : 发生错误后尽可能继续执行。　编译过程持续 2~3 h

2.2 分析output

• 参考Yocto Project Reference Manual -> 5.2. The Build Directory - build/ 了解编译成功后各个目录含义
  • build/downloads/ : 下载的源代码，可以通过修改 build/conf/local.conf中的DL_DIR ?= "${TOPDIR}/downloads"改变路径
  • build/sstate-cache/ : 含共享状态缓存，可以通过修改 build/conf/local.conf中的SSTATE_DIR ?= "${TOPDIR}/sstate-cache"改变路径
  • build/tmp/ : 构建系统的输出目录。　可以通过修改 build/conf/local.conf中的TMPDIR = “${TOPDIR}/tmp”"改变路径

目录 含义 build/tmp/buildstats/ 存储构建统计信息 build/tmp/deploy/ 最终输出的固件 build/tmp/sstate-control/ 共享状态清单文件 build/tmp/sysroots/ 为每台机器创建一个全局共享sysroot以及一个本机sysroot build/tmp/work/ 由BitBake构建的包的特定于体系结构的工作子目录 build/tmp/work-shared/ 保存与其他配方共享工作目录的recipes

３. 固件烧录

• NXP 固件烧录借助于uuu (Universal Update Utility) mfgtools，全平台覆盖